ALEC LAWS Creating Refugees:
California Washington Fires have Solutions: Fire, Drought Resistant Fireweed
Follow fireweed treating depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, alcoholism, drug addiction, cluster headaches, and other ailments.
Henry David Thoreau mentions seeing great stands of it growing in burned areas in 1857. It’s a beautiful color and its dangling stamens and large white pistil make it very easy to identify. This plant is a favorite of bee keepers and is an important nectar producer for the honey industry throughout Canada and Alaska. The honey is much sought after and commands premium pricesCongress annually writes emergency blank check, which in wildfire exceeds $2.5 billion.
Over the last century we turned trees from green friends we hug into thirst-stressed enemies we compete with for resources. But this ecological blowback didn’t happen by accident, overnight.Water depletion from afforestation is the unintended consequence of our deliberate 20th century federal lands policy. For millennia, fires set by lightning or by Native Americans limited Western forest stocks to roughly a few dozen trees per acre. No longer. The nationally terrifying Big Blowup wildfires of August 1910 led the US to in effect declare war on wildfire.
The result? More new trees compete for less sunlight, thinner soil nutrients and scarcer water resources. Insects and diseases spread faster. Unnatural afforestation creates a deadly tinderbox; fuels accumulate year after year until the inevitable wildfires burn faster, hotter, more destructive and deadlier than ever, consuming the treasure of citizens and the blood of our youth – from Montana’s Mann Gulch (1949) to Colorado’s Storm King Mountain (1994) to Arizona’s Yarnell Hill (2013).
Because today’s hottest and thirstiest parts of America are over-forested due to a vigorous and expensive federal fire-suppression initiative that has silently stocked semiarid regions with what we estimate to be several billion trees too many.
Regular and cooler seven-year fire regimes that pruned back new growth have been blocked for decades on end. Now the relentless metastasizing spread of native, excess trees reduces sap flow, slows down wind-flow, and alters the complex biophysical structure of entire landscape. It crowds out indigenous plant and animal habitat. Shade tolerant species take over; Aspen, lupine, sequoia, and fireweed can’t reproduce.
Less appreciated – both as crisis and opportunity – is how the afforestation caused by a century of fire suppression depletes a natural resource that has today become far more precious than toilet paper: fresh water.
More than half of humanity is urban. Our freshwater shortfall comes from population growth, waste, pollution, rising demand for water-intensive goods – but also parasitic competition from unnatural afforestation. Of the 39 states facing water scarcity, few feel stress more than those West of the 98th Meridian; thirsty ‘cities in the wilderness’ – from Spokane to El Paso, Bozeman to San Diego, Salt Lake City to Tucson – depend on forest lands where rain and snow fall, filter through soil to supply water. Now, as billions of excess conifers drink up tributaries of the Colorado, Columbia, Missouri, and Rio Grande, we’ve turned trees from friends into enemies.
Ecosystems & Biodiversity
Credit markets for water quality treatment are increasingly viewed as an essential tool for addressing watershed-scale nutrient issues such as the notorious Ecosystems & Biodiversity, Mechanisms for Market-based Conservation
Water conservation erodes a private or public utility’s revenues. To remain solvent, or grow, providers are forced to encourage and reward waste.
By James G. Workman (Faculty Member and 2005 Kinship Fellow)
The converse is that through the principles of H2Ownership, we can find a way to unlock the monopoly in order to save both water and the utility.
This is critical to understanding the marine connectivity between our countries. Florida is home to 18 million residents and annually hosts upwards of 90 million tourists. Florida has seen unprecedented overuse of its coastal and reef habitats. The Everglades has been sucked dry and we spend billions of dollars importing sand onto our eroding beaches. We have taken too much out of the system and are relying on importing fish to feed the demand. Biologically, Florida and the US east coast are at the end of the supply chain. These areas rely on pristine habitats upstream more then ever. We depend on healthy Cuban marine habitats more than Cuba depends on ours.
Follow fireweed treating depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, alcoholism, drug addiction, cluster headaches, and other ailments.
HempWeed; HEMP
Climbing Hempweed, Climbing Boneset – Mikania scandens
Smoked Salmon, Hemp Seed and Fire Weed Vodka
Make Cannabis Vodka?
Prohibition is Slavery
“We did $2 million in orders in two months,” Coley recalls. “I think hemp seed will eclipse it.”According to Coley, Nectar Ales’ annual profits shot up from $1 million to $40 million after the brewery started selling hemp seed beer. “They’ve grown exponentially, so that’s good for us,” Coley says.
Flavored vodkas continue to be enormously popular, and not just with the girly drink set that favors the whipped cream and fluffed marshmallow varieties that Smirnoff launched late last year. Distillers are now toying with ingredients that appeal to earthier drinkers who pride themselves on their purist streaks, such as the fireweed that Alaska Distiller’s Toby Foster fit into a spirit which debuted last summer.
Cannabis, family Cannabaceae; species: Cannabis indica, Cannabis … they learned about the cultivation of hemp from the Native Americans people. … The exported fibers, were then bought back as finished products from England. … Hemp flourishes even to rankness, so that we need not want cordage.”.
Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) is spreading on Pohnpei, particularly on … Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), Eriobotrya japonica (loquat), gingers …. Intact native forests are the most resistant to invasion. …. Biological invasions by exotic grasses, the grass-fire cycle, and ….. Mikania scandens climbing hempweed.
Oct 25, 2000 – Two rubber trees, Funtumia elastica (African rubber tree) and Castilla … It has fostered the establishment of fire regimes on many islands ….. Intact native forests are the most resistant to invasion. ….. thickhead, fireweed, pualele, fisi puna, fua lele, maraburubo, …. Ludwigia, Peruvian primrose, water primrose.
[PDF]Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/…/AN…
Jun 30, 2013 – pp 49-53. C. Water resources including the water quality classification for each water body and the …… the county. African Americans and Hispanics are projected to …… cypress trees are somewhat fire–resistant, and thus infrequent fires during very dry conditions may …… Fireweed ….. Climbing hempweed.
Report to the Republic of Kiribati on Invasive Plant Species …
Crassocephalum crepidioides (thickhead, fireweed) is a common weed throughout much of the … modified fire regimes on many islands where it has been introduced …… not well adapted to fire, and favors invasive species, many of which are fire–resistant, fire- …… English: salvinia, water fern, kariba weed, African payal.
technical note – Natural Resources Conservation Service …
Fireweed. Senecio madagascariensis. 27. 13. Strawberry guava waiawi, ‘ula ‘ula …. Seeds float on water and can be transported to …. introduced to Hawaii from East Africa and are being cultured at the ….. climbing hempweed, Mikania vine ….. It is very drought resistant and survives fire well (crown-sprouting); it can.
22 hours ago – Smoked Salmon, Hemp Seed and Fire Weed Vodka Prohibition is Slavery “We … California Washington Fires Solutions: Fireweed HempWeed.
Native Plant Database » Grow Native
Reviews indicate that chinaberry is drought tolerant in Texas (reviews by [21,49]), … In southwestern Alabama, chinaberry was an occasional species on well …. Tree with adventitious buds, a sprouting root crown, sobols, and/or root suckers … Plant response to fire: Chinaberry is likely to survive fire and can establish from …
Native Plants for Georgia Part III: Wildflowers | Publications …
Dec 12, 2011 – Some wildflowers are “generalists” and grow well in a variety of …. Boneset / Eupatorium perfoliatum; Anglefruit Milkvine, Climbing …. It may take two years for seeds to germinate and four years to …. It is drought tolerant once established. ….. Each flower has five petals and an inner crown resembling a …
THE GERMINATION OF AN IDEA. ….. possibly an important piece of the ecosystem are on the line, as well as a large … and may be necessary for other plant, insect and animal species to survive. ….. 5,200 Reminiscent of crown-vetch, but native and not invasive. …… 140,000 Drought resistant, may become aggressive.
[XLS]plants – CROWN Charlotte, Reconnecting Ourselves With …
Shrubby boneset, White mistflower, White shrub mistflower, Havana snakeroot, … Fruit 1/5 inch long, with a crown of bristles on one end. Blooms best and appears bushier if severely cut back each winter. Drought tolerant. … Soil Description: Well-drained, rocky, limesone soils. … Higher germination occurs with fresh seed.
[PDF]Oak [PDF] – Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Nov 12, 2012 – the least drought tolerant of the oak species. … may be killed by prescribed fires, but larger stems will sprout and survive, even if their tops are.
Wildfire – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
File:Forecasting South American Fires.ogv …. Heat waves, droughts, cyclical climate changes such as El Niño, and … Although some ecosystems rely on naturally occurring fires to regulate growth, many … The increased fire frequency in these ordinarily fire-dependent areas has upset natural cycles, destroyed native plant …
Laurel sumac has adapted to fire return intervals of 50-100+ years in the … Malosma laurina is used as a landscape plant native plant, drought tolerant, and wildlife … Naturally occurring plants have been used as “sentinel plants” by avocado and … Natural history of the Transverse Ranges · Plants used in Native American …
Environment – Page 119 – Google Books Result
The plants grow in less abundance than in moister grasslands, and occasionally some bare soil is exposed. Native grasses of shortgrass prairies are drought-resistant. … almost nowhere can you see what Native Americans experienced prior to the … Unfortunately, efforts to prevent the naturally occurring fires sometimes …
Encyclopedia of Anthropology: FIVE-VOLUME SET
Douglass’s early expedition to Pueblo Bonito, a prehistoric Native American … of the impact of natural events such as floods, fire, and droughts on Native human … While a green plant is alive, carbon 14 is incorporated into the organism by the … also evident in tree rings as a result of naturally occurring wild fires over the …
Blue Mountains forest health report: new perspectives in …
Fire has been a regular, periodic, and naturally occurring event in the plant … they incur result from drought, damaging harvest practices, and withholding fire from … Native Americans and early settlers used fire to improve grazing conditions …
[PDF]Ecology and Management of the Prairie Division
Grassland plants evolved under the influence of periodic droughts, frequent burning, and …. true grassland species comprise only 11.6% of those occurring on the central … The other hypotheses posited that fires set by Native Americans or soils …… greater with bison, but bison provide better management for natural areas …
Illinois Natural History Survey Formation
Occurring in the central part of North America, prairies are subject to extreme ranges of … During periods of drought, trees died and prairie plants took over previously … Prairie fires, started either by lightning or by Native Americans, were …